At midnight on Monday 20 August to Tuesday 21 of the month, Greece is formally out of the supervision program of its lenders, the so-called memoranda. The years that have passed are accompanied by an unprecedented economic crisis that has hit the productive structure of the country, the labor relations and the income of the citizens as a period of war, huge gaps in society and numerous stories about pain and destruction [19659003] of the official period of the memorandum is not interpreted in the same way by all political forces of the place, nor is it a clear preamble for a following day of economic development and development. It certainly leaves behind one of the most intense and evocative seasons of modern Greek history.

While George Papandreou announced the appeal to the International Monetary Fund from Kastellorizo, the course of the economy followed a rapid decline. The reactions of society began to appear with great marches in Athens and other cities and to overcome a more general effusion.

One of the most characteristic moments of the reaction of the world was the movement of the Counter. Thousands of people without a party visit began to manifest in the squares in May 2011, making the "Summer of the indignant" the first post-populist folk event that does not fit into the classical analytical tools of political theory

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let us understand what the indignants were, who mobilized them and why we had no comparable protests for a number of years, we spoke with the professor and director of the social research laboratory in the media of the Ministry of Referrals

"It was a movement of a new type"

"In principle, this phenomenon of the Against is part of the new type movements that are mainly organized by the social media and media of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, George Plio. It differs from the movements with one movement that have been fashionable in the last two decades. and large and heterogeneous public and are accordingly staffed, "said Mr Pleios.

As to the causes of this phenomenon, they must be sought in the so-called memorandum policy. "We must not forget that the rebel movement took place in May." 11 Since a year, since the beginning of the memory policy, there have been great reactions.

The difference with the political, trade union movements so far was the fact that what was organized on Syntagma Square did not have the characteristics of purely political mobilization.There were conversations, music, songs, there was an atmosphere of joy.It would be said that he was a festive, in the good sense of the word, character where people, besides political ideas, also express other concerns

I am able to know that members of the left youth were cautious at the beginning of the phenomenon and approached it gradually, and I think that the reason was that they had no control, because political organizations, not just on the left but everywhere, want control over the goal they pursue. "

Of course there is also a rebellion tradition, a tradition of resistance in Greece d. Not only in politics, but also in culture and customs. I would say that these are the three constituent factors: the reaction to the memoranda, the culture of resistance and above all the festive character and the non-party character of the event.

We have seen the phenomenon of the so-called two squares: that one other behavior and the reaction would say that it was pre-eminently moral. With gestures, expressions, verbal and non-verbal positions that do not fit, for example with the tradition of the left. They were extroverted, they wanted to be seen on the canals. Do not forget that the cameras are placed exactly on the top of the square. While people down were more introverted.

On the lower square there were groups belonging to the extra-parliamentary left, people who belonged to the area of ​​traditional left-wing parties and the traditional uninhabited. At the top of the constitution there was a world that was more sensitive to national issues. So what characterizes the square as a whole is a denial, an attempt to cancel its status and not to say what disturbed it. "

A fundamental question is whether the agonies have been mobilized by a number of people.

" The means by which people were mobilized were Facebook. He organized the world and people used it. He posted announcements on the internet. That is how Facebook was politicized. Many people have turned to the political content of Facebook. Let's not forget that it was the media that received too many players, notably authorities, the media, the political parties, information about what happened in the square and tried to make their own assessments or to create their own attitude. [19659003]

In the case of the indignant, no one has claimed the laurels of the greatest mobilization in the last twenty years. According to fragmentary reports in blogs and the press two Thessalonians, who cut off the Spanish "Indigniados" movement, Facebook made the page "Enchanted in the White Tower" on Facebook. It followed the call "Unaccountable to the Constitution, May 25" which made two or three 17-year-olds or 18-year-olds.

"Organizations smaller or larger, who systematically used Facebook, attracted a world, to a certain extent it was organized and to a certain extent spontaneous, in politics nothing is absolutely organized or absolutely spontaneous, I found myself in front of a scene where some new left-wing organizations sold newspapers, and the people of the organization told them politely, but they did not insist on doing so because they did not want to party, it is this: leaders of the great political youth of the left were surprised by the beginning and the dimensions that took the phenomenon and I tell you, because I have students who have asked me: "Master what is going on here?" And I remember telling them that this is a social "experiment" that takes place so that they have to observe, understand and then

If there was any organized effort from an organization, they would come from small parties of the extra-parliamentary, mainly lin ks, who found a public forum, offered a different area of ​​the public sphere, social media and do not do it then Ichan. Until then, the only step was the traditional exterior of which the forces of the extra-parliamentary left were excluded.

I believe that all regional voices find a public space on social media. Remember Occupy America or occupy Taksim. It seems that the instruments have played this role and that people have systematically used them in countries where the traditional public sphere and the political system do not allow alternative voices or even suppress them

And there is a crack at one point. See, for example, the case of Taksim, where the major media have been portrayed at the time of major documentary events with penguins.

Since the beginning of & # 39; 10 we have had a dramatic change in the field of media. The unemployment of journalists and the need to oppose led many to create so-called alternative media. This has led to Greek journalism becoming more political.

Let us not forget that it came from the lifestyle of the decade of Kostopoulism in Greece.

This was precisely the question of dealing with the phenomenon of the Resurrection and giving it a greater dimension. The most important part of the resurrection was not on the square. "

After years of crisis, the reactions are in recession, which seems paradoxical when one looks at the economic situation and prospects of the country

" What we meant by a crisis has disappeared. What we say crisis is normalized. We do not have the constant decline we had in the past. There is now a stabilization of the socio-economic situation and the improvement of some indicators.

There is not such a feeling of free fall in the past. There is a brake, an arrest of this process. This is seen in many ways as overcoming the crisis.

At the moment we see reality as bad or less bad, or as more or less good, but not as a crisis. This is not the feeling of great historical change. This leads, as always, to people to deal with their own normal, everyday life.

This is a strange historical situation, I think they all live in a strange way and everybody is overweight. where he thinks he is more important for his own situation. I think that in reality we did not emerge from the crisis. By the way, the word crisis is synonymous with globalization and the market, the whole instability in which the world is alive and our country, especially at the moment. See what is happening now, for example with Turkey, with the Middle East. We can enter a new period in which we will be confronted with new aspects of the crisis. "