VICEMINISTERIE RESOLUTION
No. 129-2018-VMPCIC-MC
Lima, August 17, 2018
HAVING REGARD TO, Report No 900091-2018 / DPI / DGPC / VMPCIC / MC of the management of intangible heritage and report No 900239-2018 / DGPC / VMPCIC / MC of the Directorate-General for Cultural Heritage; and,
SEEN:
Article 21 of the Political Constitution of Peru states that archaeological remains, structures, monuments, places, bibliographical and archival documents, artistic objects and testimonies of historical value have been explicitly declared cultural property, and for the time being those supposed to be as such cultural. Patrimony of the Nation, independent of their state of private or public property, the same which are protected by the State;
That paragraph 1 of Article 2 of the Convention for the Protection of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of the United Nations Organization for Education, Science and Culture – UNESCO states that "Intangible Cultural Heritage is understood as the use, representations, expressions , knowledge and techniques – together with the instruments, objects, artifacts and cultural spaces that are inherent to them – those communities, groups and in some cases recognize individuals as an integral part of their cultural heritage. is continually being re-created by communities and groups based on their environment, their interaction with nature and their history, fostering a sense of identity and continuity, and thus contributing to promoting respect for cultural diversity and human creativity ";
That, number 2 of Article 1 of Law No. 28296, General Law of the cultural heritage of the nation, states that the immaterial inheritance of the nation integrates the creations of a cultural community based on traditions expressed by individuals in a unitary way or group , and respond to the expectations of the community, as an expression of cultural and social identity, as well as verbally transmitted values, such as languages, languages and indigenous dialects, knowledge and traditional knowledge, both artistic and gastronomic, medicinal, technological, folkloristic or religious the collective knowledge of the peoples and other expressions or cultural events that together form our cultural diversity;
That, the literal b) of Article 7 of Law No. 29565, the law of establishment of the Ministry of Culture, amended by Decree-Law No. 1255, establishes that it is the exclusive function of the Ministry of Culture to carry out declaratory actions. conduct, the cadastre to produce, demarcation, cadastral update, research, protection, conservation, improvement, promotion and dissemination of the cultural heritage of the nation;
That, Article 55 of the Rules of Organization and Functions of the Ministry of Culture, approved by Supreme Decree No. 005-2013-MC, notes that the Directorate of Intangible Heritage is the organic entity responsible for managing, identifying, documenting, recording, inventing, exploring, preserving, promoting the intangible cultural heritage of the country in its various aspects, promote, value, send and revalue, by promoting the active participation of the community, the groups or individuals who create, maintain and convey this heritage and actively associate it with its management. It depends hierarchically on the general management of cultural heritage;
That via the note no. 000761-2017 / DDC ANC / MC on 8 September 2017 the decentral directorate of Culture of Ancash received the request from the House of Culture of the province of Bolognesi-Áncash to explain the cultural heritage of the nation of the Patronal Feast of Santa Rosa de Lima of Chiquián, of the district of Chiquián, province of Bolognesi, department of Áncash;
That the Directorate-General for Cultural Heritage has endorsed Report No. 900239-2018 / DGPC / VMPCIC / MC report no. 900091-2018 / DPI / DGPC / VMPCIC / MC of 7 August 2018, issued by the Directorate of Heritage. material, whereby it was recommended to declare as the Cultural Patrimony of the Nation the Patronal Feast of Santa Rosa de Lima of Chiquián, of the district of Chiquián, province of Bolognesi, division of Áncash;
That, Chiquián, next to the capital of the province of Bolognesi, is one of 15 districts corresponding to this province of the department of Áncash. The main economic activities of its inhabitants are livestock and agriculture. The city of Chiquián is located at 384 m.s. and the main rivers in this area are Fortaleza and Pativilca, which belong to the Pacific slope. Due to its geographical location, there has been smooth communication between Chiquián and the cities of Callejón de Conchucos and Callejón de Huaylas since prehispanic times, making this enclave an important administrative center;
That, during the Inca empire, the populations that settled in the upper basin of Pativilca, which today constitute the Chiquián district, were integrated by a secondary road into the Qhapaq Ñan, through which the upper reaches of the basins could be managed from the Pativilca and Fortaleza rivers, as well as articulation with Quechua-speaking ethnic groups located on the edge of the mountain ranges of Blanca and Negra. In addition, these areas were included in the Chinchaysuyu and belonged to the Wamani or Lampas region, which was divided into three parts called Guaranga & # 39; s: Collana Guaranga (with the headquarters of Chiquián), Chaupi Guaranga and Guaranga de Ocros; distribution that would be used by the Spaniards during the colony;
That, during the kingdom, the division of the territory of this area went through many transformations. The Lampas region consisted of two encomiendas, Ocros and Collana de Lampas, which were maintained until the reforms of the Viceroy Francisco de Toledo in 1576, when the Lampas area was incorporated into the Cajatambo district, which would be one of the most important the central sierra. Later they were grouped into doctrines for purposes of evangelism; those of Santo Domingo de Ocros and those of San Agustín de Cajacay in Ocros; and, those of San Pedro de Hacas, San Pedro de Ticllos and Collana de Lampas in the encomienda of Collana de Lampas. This last doctrine would become known in the second half of the 18th century under the name San Francisco de Chiquián;
That, in the Republican era, in 1839, Chiquián became the provincial capital for a short period of time, took the name of Villa Incontrastable. Then, in 1903, the province of Bolognesi was created with Chiquián as its capital and since 1908 it has become the city category. Chiquian was also the seat of a powerful group of ranchers, whose decline was replaced by an elite of traders, transporters and small ranchers with important contacts with the national elite, allowing them to develop an accelerated process of cultural racial variation;
That, the Patronal Feast of Santa Rosa de Lima de Chiquián is framed in the dedication to Santa Rosa de Lima, Patroness of the Americas and the Philippines, whose name was Isabel Flores de Oliva. This saint, the first and only Peruvian saint, lived from 1586 to 1617, was beatified in 1668 and sanctified by Pope Clement X in 1671, and proclaimed it as the "Principal Patriot of the New World." He died at the age of 31 and his funeral was followed closely by crowds who chanted and followed his transfer to the Minor Basilica and Maximum Convent or Our Lady of the Rosary, popularly called the Basilica of Santo Domingo, where his physical surplus is still. Since then, the dedication to Santa Rosa de Lima has increased and it is a national and international symbol, being the national celebration on 30 August and internationally on 23 August;
That, according to information in the technical file, it was the Dominican missionaries who encouraged Santa Rosa during the colonial period to be the patron saint of the parish of Chiquián. The oral tradition about the origin of the sect shows that when the statue of Santa Rosa arrived in Chiquián and was brought to the parish of San Francisco de Asís, it escaped at night and was found in the streets. After the third time of the event, a devotee begged him to stay and from then on he did not leave the church; later she was anointed as the patron saint of Chiquián. The devotion was strengthened over the centuries by requests to the faithful by the saint;
That, it is important to mention that in various places in the central mountains, the representation of the capture and death of the Inca Atahualpa is presented as a special element of the feast for Santa Rosa de Lima. The anthropologist Luis Millones explains that this representation is common since the 18th century; historical dramatization taking place between the last week of August and the first of September in the cities of Junín, Pasco, Áncash and Lima. Since there is no documented evidence of the representation in each region, the reason why it was developed during the celebration of Santa Rosa de Lima is not known. Millones argues that, in the case of the celebration in Carhuamayo, Junín, it is possible that the connection between the celebration of Santa Rosa de Lima and the representation of the death of the Inca is due to the disappeared scene of the death of the Inca. Coya in the dramatization, so that the female counterpart by Santa Claus was supposed to be the protector of the place;
That, the Patronal Feast of Santa Rosa de Lima de Chiquián, shows this performance with the Inca and the Spaniards as the opposite, who distinguish the Inca and the Captain as central hostile characters. The Inca side has three characters: the Inca, the Rumiñahui and the Pallas. The Inca represents Atahualpa, the last Inca of the empire, wearing a ceremonial ax as a symbol of command, wearing a woolen poncho, a straw hat with a red feather, red and white ribbon and a white scarf. Rumiñahui, also known as Sinchi Runa por las Pallas, represents a trusted Lieutenant of the Inca. Dress as the Inca, but a different color to distinguish, also as a symbol of his strength, wearing a spear covered with red and white ribbon with golden point. Las Pallas are four women who represent the virgins of the sun of the ancient empire and accompany the Inca and Rumiñahui with chants. They wear a colorful suit consisting of a straw hat with black ribbon, a fabric band decorated with pearls and silver coins, a blouse with lace covered with a scarf, a black skirt with embroidery of colors and black shoes;
That, on the other hand, the Spanish side also has three characters: the captain, the Flagman and the companions. The captain, representing Francisco Pizarro, wears a suit and a black hat with colorful roses in honor of Santa Rosa de Lima. The Abanderado represents a Spanish general and has the same dress as the Captain & # 39; s and is characterized by wearing, during the movements of the comparsa, a Peruvian flag on a white flagpole. The Companions, represent five trusted officers of Francisco Pizarro and wear suits of dark color and hat decorated with colorful roses. All these characters carry a crossed band in which their load appears with letters and gold ornaments;
That, the characters of the Inca, the Rumiñahui, the captain, the Flagman and the companions are part of the extensive system of accusations that is responsible for organizing the Santa Rosa de Lima Chiquian Employers' Party and are called as officers. These officials voluntarily take on specific tasks that last for a year. The Inca and the Captain interpret the main roles and assume most of the costs involved in organizing the party, as well as paying attention to all those who go to their home and offer them a lot of food and drink;
That, there are specific tasks that are being developed by people in the vicinity of the Inca and the captain, who are also part of the officials and are very important for the success of the celebration because of the broad organization and dedication they show. Among them are the standard, the charge of a woman escorting with a banner and with her companions the image of Santa Rosa de Lima during the main procession; the mayordomos, are four and each has the responsibility to work out a chapel in every corner of the Plaza de Armas; the majority consists of four women who are responsible for making the flower arrangement, generally called the mountain, placed in the anda before the main procession; the commissioners, who are responsible for supplying the bulls for the bull runs; the novenantes, women who organize the evening mass between 18 and 27 August. Also, friends and employees of the officers work together in different tasks to fulfill all the tasks that the party demands;
That, the Patronale Feast of Santa Rosa de Lima of Chiquian takes place from August 28 to September 4, with August 30 as the central holiday. However, this festival presents a fundamental preparatory phase for the good development of the party. During the months of March, April and May the traditional Llantay is carried out, which consists of sawing firewood that, once dry, will be used during the party;
That, on August 15, the Willakuy takes place where officials go to friends, relatives and relatives to help them financially or with types during the party; with the promise that this help will be returned. The same ones who get different names when performing the requested tasks, depending on the activities to be carried out, such as the dressers, which dress up the Inca, the Rumiñahui and the Pallas; the capilleros, responsible for composing and decorating the "chapels" of each mayordomo; the ghellis, who contribute to what is needed during the party, the pishtadores, responsible for supplying beef, pork and sheep; the camachico of the house, storekeeper of all facilities and responsible for the attention of the band of musicians; among other things. All this is a sign of reciprocity, of bonds that are created or strengthened during the festival and that create harmony in the community;
That, also, in the morning of the 15th, the Brotherhood of Santa Rosa de Lima, responsible for the custody of goods and possessions, makes the change of clothes to the image by giving the devoted clothes that have been given to them. & # 39; In the afternoon a mass was attended by authorities, officials and the general public. After Mass, the image of the child Jesus is removed from the image of Santa Rosa de Lima and given to the provincial mayor, after which the officials and the people in procession bear the image of the child. During the day, four women are chosen by the Inca and Rumiñahui to form the comparsa of Pallas; who will accompany them during the various activities;
That, between 17 and 23 August, various activities are carried out, such as the rehearsals for singing and choreography that are part of the celebration, the preparation of the chicha de jora that is preserved in ships called maybeus and the dough where each official starts the preparation of the loaves that will be distributed during the feast;
That, on August 28, the official start of the party, the llushtupakuy takes place, at which time the pishtadores take care of the meat for the party. During the afternoon, while rockets and castles are being burned, officials receive musicians with traditional dishes such as bouillon, locro jaca, dish, bread and chicha de jora. At night the traditional salvo is performed, consisting of the presentation of bands and orchestras that bow to Santa Rosa de Lima in the church of San Francisco de Asís;
That, during the rescue, the captain, the Flagman and escorts are dressed in poncho and straw hat with two-colored ribbon, red and white; the Inca and Rumiñahui do the same thing, adding feathers to their hats, while the Pallas are covered with scarves. All officials provide the traditional chinguirito, traditional drink based on sugar cane, while the bands interpret huaynos. Officials such as the captain, the Inca, the Rumiñahui, the mayordomos and the banner visit each other while the majority and the curators visit. The Rumiñahui, accompanied by the Pallas, orchestra and friends, go to the house of the Inca where the Rumiñahui will worship the Sun-god by means of a dance and the Pallas will accompany him with songs. Then everyone goes to the captain's house to invite him, as well as the companions and the standard bearer to tour the streets of the city. During this tour the Pallas sing singing invitations for the various officials to take part in the tour;
That, it is characteristic that the comparsas of the Inca and Rumiñahui present their greetings when they arrive at one or other official of the party and represent the duel between the Inca and the captain, which is very celebrated by the public. The Inca, equipped with a small ceremonial ax, tries to cut off the neck of the captain who avoids being beheaded. This parody represents the encounter between the Inca Atahualpa and Francisco Pizarro, a historic moment that is remembered by many types of performances. In parallel, Rumiñahui and the Abanderado also represent a duel, which is also celebrated by the population. Las Pallas accompany singing chants aimed at improving the proposed duels as well as emphasizing the dedication to Santa Rosa de Lima;
That, close to the dawn of August 29, after all visits are over, the officers, their relatives and the general public gather at the Inca's house to begin the procession of the Apay child, a figure representing the infant Jesus. In this procession the banner, the mayonnaom, the majors, the commissioners, the captain, the Flagman and the companions take the Apay child in their arms. The tour, always accompanied by the Pallas with a song addressed to Niño Apay, ends in the church of San Francisco de Asís. At 5 o'clock in the morning a mass is celebrated in honor of the child, after which a breakfast is shared that consists of the traditional tripe and a snack bar, offered by the officials to the general population. During the morning there are preparatory activities for the central day, such as decorating the walk and the statue of Santa Rosa de Lima. At the end of the afternoon the mass is celebrated in honor of the patron saint and her procession through the main streets of Chiquián. At the end of the tour the banner offers the burning of a castle, while the people dance huaynos to the sound of the band of musicians;
That, on August 30, the central day of the Patronal Feast of the Santa Rosa de Lima of Chiquián, begins at sunrise with the armed, responsible of the mayordomos, of four chapels, the same ones having an estimated height of two meters and They are decorated with flags of Peru and with multiple images of Jesus Christ, virgins and saints. These chapels, placed in every corner of the Plaza de Armas, house the statue of Santa Rosa de Lima that seems adorned with flowers and serve as cult stations during the procession. Once the meeting of the chapels has been completed, the mayordomos return to their homes and are visited by the majority of them; the first majority visits the first butler and so on. At 6 o'clock in the morning, most of them carry the mountain, a large collection of flowers and branches of rosemary and pine, and visit the captain, the Inca and Rumiñahui, then they all go to church to get the mountain in the mountain. San to place Francisco de Asís. Once the act is over, the majority offer traditional dishes for all guests;
That, at 8 o'clock in the morning, the captain, the standard bearer and his companions, as well as the Inca, the Rumiñahui and the Pallas, also visit the houses of the banner and the first steward, like the police station of the national police from Peru. Then they go to church to attend the main mass, during which some officers and devotees give gifts and donations to the patron saint and the church. After the mass, the Holy Sacrament goes in procession, in a silver chair or altar, to the chapels sent by the mayordomos. The seat visits the four chapels in a procession preceded by the banner and his companions, as well as by the Inca, Rumiñahui and Pallas; At each stop, songs are sung and the devotees pray. After the procession, the mayordomos and majors invite all those present for lunch in their respective houses, which is composed of traditional dishes;
That, during the afternoon, the captain, the Inca, the Rumiñahui and the Pallas visit the house of the second and third majordomo. It should be noted that because it is the central day of the feast, the Inca braids, round earrings in his ears and wearing a crown decorated with pearls and precious stones and wearing a velvet cushion with ornaments and gold embroidery. The day ends at the Plaza de Armas, where a big competition is held in which musicians hired by musicians compete;
That on August 31 the captain, the Inca, the Rumiñahui and the Pallas visit the house of the fourth butler and the first Mayorala. Halfway through the morning, the devotees go to the solemn mass. Later the statue of Santa Rosa de Lima leaves in procession, this time accompanied by San Francisco de Asís. Both statues make a tour along the Plaza de Armas and visit the four chapels. Again the banner and his companions precede the procession, followed by the captain, the Flagger and the companions, mayordomos, mayoralas, and next to the Inca, the Rumiñahui and the Pallas. After the procession all the officials at the door of the church dance and the Inca, the Rumiñahui, the Pallas, the captain, the Flagman and the companions again represent the duel between Inca & # 39; s and Spaniards. The day ends with a general dance;
That on 1 September the shoqacuy takes place at 1 o'clock in the morning, consisting of the visit of the captain, the companions, the Inca and the Rumiñahui, to their family and friends to ask them to accompany them during the entrance . It is customary for the person visited to place a card in the captain's chest and offer it, as a gesture of gratitude, a chinguirito. While these visits are being made, the music group interprets huaynos, who brave the participants until dawn. It is important to mention that from this day on the visits of the captain, the Flagman and the companions have been done on horseback, decorated with bows, ribbons and glasses. In the morning the captain and his retinue continued the visits in the company of the dancers of Pinkichida, a dance of greeting and meeting that takes place in the house of every official. Also the Pallas, accompanied by the band of musicians, sing couplets dedicated to each of the officials who visit home. During the pinkichida divide the officials lodge – also known as chicha de Palla, bottle of chicha morada covered with a flower and collation – sweet bean stretched with chancaca and rice with milk – to the captain, standard bearer, companions, inca, rumiñahui and pallas. After the pinkichida, the public will have lunch in the houses of the captain, the Inca and Rumiñahui. It is common for people to dance after lunch at the courtyards of the officials' houses as they prepare for the entrance;
That, at 3 o'clock in the afternoon, the entrance is made, the highlight of the party, which consists of a representation of the income that the Spaniards have made to the city of Cajamarca and the subsequent conquest of the Inca Atahualpa. At this moment two sides are being formed, the Spaniards similar to the captain, the flagger, the companions, relatives and friends, all on horseback; and the Inca formed by the Inca, Rumiñahui, the Pallas, relatives and friends. Both sides cover different streets of the district. It is characteristic of this performance that the audience present throws sweets according to the side it supports. At a certain moment the Spanish cavalry gets out against the Inca and his supporters. The Inca manages to escape, while the Spanish cavalry haunts him through the streets of Chiquián. It is customary that the loser of the game pays a fine; If the captain catches the Inca, it is the Inca who will pay the fine, but if the Inca escapes, the captain is responsible for paying it. The fine may consist of a sacrifice, beer boxes, among others. What normally happens is that the Inca is captured by the captain's relatives while the captain is captured by the Pallas del Inca. & # 39; At night there is a general dance that ends with burning castles on the Plaza de Armas;
That, on 2 and 3 September, the pinkichida develops again and in the morning the officials visit them at home. At 2 o'clock in the afternoon of both days bullfighting afternoons are organized by the captain and the provincial municipality of Chiquián respectively. It is important to mention that during the bullfights no form of animal sacrifice or abuse takes place and it is only a cape of a bull. The population comes every day from early to the Jircán stadium to collect the palinka's, – craft stands made with sticks, ropes and planks – since the district has no arena, while the captain, the Flagman and the companions, the Inca, Rumiñahui and Pallas, continue with the Pinkichida in their homes until lunch. In the afternoon, the entire population attends bullfighting in bullfighting;
That, on the 4th of September, the last day of the party, the pinkichida is also performed by visiting the officials at home. During lunch, the captain shares a pachamanca with family, friends and the general population. In the afternoon one of the most important events takes place, the elections for the organization of the feast of the following year. This ceremony, which takes place at the Plaza de Armas, has an institutional character when it is convened by the provincial mayor himself and declares to open the registration of officials for next year. Traditionally, the person who took the first round of the ring in the bullfight is the one who registers as Captain for the following year and this is reflected in a book of actions. The new captain is applauded by the public and the band and hat of the departing captain are placed. The same is done by his standard bearer and the companions. Then they register who will represent the Inca and Rumiñahui, who will be given the ax and the lance of the command that characterizes both officers. After this sequence there is a procession, a mass and the traditional Watakahuay, where the officials recognize the people who have participated in the various activities that invite a great lunch;
That, with the references in Report No. 900091-2018 / DPI / DGPC / VMPCIC / MC of the Directorate of Intangible Heritage, the characteristics, importance, value, scope and significance of the Santa Rosa de Lima Patronal Feast are detailed. Chiquián, from the district of Chiquián, province of Bolognesi, department of Áncash; For this reason, the report forms an integral part of this vice-ministerial resolution, in accordance with the provisions of Article 6 of the Consolidated Text of Law 27444, law of general administrative procedure, approved by Supreme Decree No. 006-2017-JUS;
That, by Ministerial Resolution No. 338-2015-MC, Directive No. 003-2015-MC, Declaration of the Manifestations of the Cultural Heritage of the Nation and Declaration of Cultural Interest, in which the guidelines and norms for processing the file of the declaration of cultural heritage of the nation of the manifestations of the intangible cultural heritage, corresponding to the Deputy Ministry of Cultural Heritage and Cultural Industries, explain the manifestations of the intangible cultural heritage as the cultural heritage of the nation;
In accordance with the provisions of the political constitution of Peru; Law No. 28296, General cultural heritage of the nation; Law No. 29565, law concerning the Ministry of Culture; Supreme Decree No. 011-2006-ED, which approves the ordinance of Act No. 28296, General Code of the cultural heritage of the nation; Supreme Dec No. No. 005-2013-MC, which approves the Organization and Functions Regulations of the Ministry of Culture; and directive no. 003-2015-MC, approved by Ministerial Resolution No. 338-2015-MC;
RESOLVED:
Article 1.- Declare the Cultural Heritage of the Nation to the Patronal Feast of Santa Rosa de Lima de Chiquián, of the Chiquián district, Bolognesi province, department of Áncash; while it is a cultural expression with the central image Santa Rosa de Lima, cult established in the colony and strengthened by time and at the same time a space for reflection on the history of the Conquest; to present an extensive system of positions and roles, an essential element for the organization of the party that generates involvement, reciprocity and cohesion among the people of Chiquián, which makes the strengthening of the collective memory and of the local identity possible.
Article 2.- Het Directoraat voor immaterieel erfgoed, in coördinatie met het gedecentraliseerde directoraat Cultuur van Áncash en de gemeenschap van vervoerders, opdracht geven om om de vijf (5) jaar een gedetailleerd verslag op te stellen over de status van de aangegeven uitdrukking, zodat het institutionele register kan ser actualizado en cuanto a los cambios producidos en la manifestación, los riesgos que pudiesen surgir en su vigencia, y otros aspectos relevantes, a efectos de realizar el seguimiento institucional de su desenvolvimiento y salvaguardia, de ser el caso.
Artículo 3.- Disponer la publicación de la presente Resolución Viceministerial en el Diario Oficial “El Peruano”, así como su difusión en el Portal Institucional del Ministerio de Cultura (www.cultura.gob.pe) conjuntamente con el Informe Nº 900091-2018/DPI/DGPC/VMPCIC/MC.
Artículo 4.- Notificar la presente Resolución Viceministerial y el Informe Nº 900091-2018/DPI/DGPC/VMPCIC/MC a la Casa de la Cultura de la Provincia de Bolognesi-Áncash y a la Dirección Desconcentrada de Cultura de Áncash, para los fines consiguientes.
Regístrese, comuníquese y publíquese.
LUIS FELIPE VILLACORTA OSTOLAZA
Viceministro de Patrimonio Cultural
e Industrias Culturales
1682415-1
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