Under the Constitution of the Slovak Republic (SR), the people of the Slovak Republic will commemorate the highest state legislation of the Slovak Republic on 1 September. From the law of the National Council of the Slovak Republic (NR SR) 241/1993 Coll. on public holidays, working days and commemorative days and in the wording of other schemes, 1 September is an official holiday in Slovakia – the constitution of the Slovak Republic. Citizens of Slovakia can see the Parliament building during the open day, which was prepared by the National Council on 1 September 2018.
Description: Rokovací sál NR SR during the inaugural meeting for VII. the term
The adoption of the Constitution of the Constitution of the Slovak Republic on 1 September 1992 preceded the no less important act in connection with the declaration of sovereignty of the Slovak Republic.
The document was created "to promote the rights of members of nationalities and ethnic groups living in Slovakia with responsibility for the future of the Slovakian nation and to express its will" and was submitted for approval to the Slovak National Government on 16 April 1991 Council. The presidency of the legislative authority led by František Mikloška has decided that the document will be submitted to the committee in preparation for a joint draft of the constitution of the Slovak Republic in the context of negotiations on the procedure and the basis for the solution of the constitutional status.
Negotiations on the strongest political groups in the parliamentary elections of 1992, the Slovak Democratic Movement (HZDS), Bohemia and the Moravian Civic Democratic Party (ODS) led to a decision by the Slovakian political representation to approve the Declaration in the Legislative Assembly. approve. The resolution was announced by the then President of SNR, Ivan Gašparovič, on 17 July 1992.
The main points of political negotiations in the past
In January 1990, the SNR presidency instructed Professor Karol Planka to set up a team to prepare the Constitution of the Slovak Socialist Republic no longer with an accused article on the leading role of the Communist Party. At the same time, experts were appointed to the joint expert committee of the federal meeting of the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic to prepare a federal constitution. The first version, which was drawn up in April 1990, had as basic principles that the Slovak Republic is a democratic and socially just state of the Slovak nation. It also included a provision on a voluntary alliance with the Czech Republic and the possibility of voluntary membership of the federation.
One of the main points of the political negotiations of the two countries was the question of which constitutions should be adopted earlier, federally or nationally. The Slovak delegation insisted on the prior approval of the national institutes. Therefore, it was necessary to amend the law on the Czechoslovak federation, which provided for the simultaneous adoption of all three constitutions.
In 1991 the Christian Democratic movement (KDH) drafted its own constitutional design, which did not contain an explicit provision on the union with the Czech Republic. It contained the text that the Slovak Republic could forge links with other sovereign nations and draft national treaties in the form of sovereign state entities of international law under the treaty and transfer part of their rights. He / she can also withdraw from the closed state bundle.
Public debate on the draft Constitution of the Slovak Republic
The SNR Office stated in its resolution on 18 June 1991 that, in addition to the formal proposal from the Commission, it had drafted six other draft constitutions by the members. The first was prepared by V. Čečetka, M. Kusý, V. Sládek, P. Tatár, M. Krajčovič, M. Strýko (Verejnosť proti násiliu, VPN), the second I. Čarnogurský, J. Klepáč, J. Brock ( KDH), J. Prokeš, A. Hrnko, M. Andel, V. Miškovský (Slovak National Party, SNS), R. Hofbauer, J. Finder, P. Ďurišin, A. Kerti, K. Dubjel, P. Homola, M. Miček, P. Okres, A. Zoričák (HZDS), Fifth P. Brňák and the sixth group of Deputies P. Boroň, G. Kaliská, V. Miškovský, J. Moravčík, J. Pokorný, J. Prokeš, M. Sečánsky. They were all judged as close and capable of material symbiosis. Therefore, the joint draft Constitution of the Slovak Republic was entrusted to all parliamentary deputies.
After the deliberations of the SNR Presidency and the Presidency of the CNR on 5 and 6 September 1991 in Bratislava, it was clear that there was a fundamental contradiction between them. The Slovak side wanted to review the federation, which was based on the fact that two sovereign republics – Czech and Slovak – which voluntarily transfer some of their powers to the federal authorities – form the basis of the common state. However, the political representation of the CNR was of the opinion that the powers of the republic derive from the powers of the federal authorities.
A resolution of the SNR plenary meeting on 12 December 1991 announced a public debate on the draft Constitution of the Slovak Republic and a draft of the Constitution was published in the daily press. In the month, the SNR has already noted 670 responses to the wording.
After the parliamentary elections of June 1992, the newly elected Slovak National Council on 17 July 1992 approved the Declaration of the Slovak National Council on the sovereignty of the Slovak Republic, which, in accordance with the right of the nations to govern themselves, the sovereignty of the Slovak Republic. Slovak Republic as the basis of the sovereign state of the Slovak nation was declared. Earlier, the HZDS and ODS, the most influential political groups, had agreed on political negotiations to agree on the legitimation process of the Federation.
The Slovak legislature began negotiating a draft constitution in August 1992. The Constitutional Committee also addressed the preamble of the Constitution at its almost weekly meeting, at which all parliamentary clubs had their own proposals. At the Tugendhat villa in Brno on 26 August 1992, the political and political decision on the extinction of the Czech and Slovak Federal Republic (TSFR) took place on 1 January 1993.
The Slovak National Council approved on 1 September 1992 the majority of the votes in the public vote of the Slovak Republic. Of the 134 delegates present, 114 voted, 16 against and 4 abstentions. The President of the Slovak Republic Ivan Gašparovič and the Prime Minister of the Slovak Republic, Vladimír Mečiar, were ceremonially signed this year on 3 September in the castle of Bratislava with the participation of many important guests. It went into October 1, 1992.
The basic law has been amended several times in the coming years by constitutional laws. The constitution of the SR consists of a preamble and nine heads. Some heads are further subdivided into sections, which can be subdivided into articles and paragraphs and / or letters.
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