The President Nicolás Maduro introduced this document in January 2017. The map of the country has a QR code and identifies citizens who receive some help from the government. It is much more modern than the Venezuelan identity card that is used by teenagers from other countries to enter places that are suitable for adults, because it is very easy to falsify.
"We are going to make enormous efforts to create a new Popular Power better, bigger, the best-organized popular force of the Bolivarian revolution," Maduro said at the end of 2016 when he reported the card.
Many Venezuelans have decided to turn it off, even if they do not. This, product for the fear that has been generated around him. The government of Maduro said that Venezuelans who want to receive food bags, assistance with missions, whether it is housing, school or health, and will now have the subsidy with gasoline . ]
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"There we will have the real measurement of how many missions arrive at each house, how many bags (of food) Clap. (…) This is to see that the missions of the revolution do not become tools for the air. In purely false numbers. (…) This will make a thorough rectification of the system of large missions, "said Maduro. in December 2016.
However, there are Venezuelan citizens who have decided to remove him and have received no help. This is the case of Wilmer Paredes of 38 years. "I took the card on 6 December 2017 and I have not benefited in any way, not even to give me the blow, I do not know what the reason is (..) I have scanned the application card each time when they have a bonus and nothing " he said.
With the shortage of drugs, which according to the Venezuelan Pharmaceutical Federation (Fefarven) reaches 80%, the shortage of food, which according to the UN affects 2.3 million people and a minimum wage that was Bs. 5,196,000, equivalent to one dollar, and on Friday it was increased to 180,000,000 bolivares, the equivalent of 30 dollars, many Venezuelans depend on this government support: 17 million people (about half of the national population) according to official figures.
"I took the map of my country in April 2017, for a day that took place in my community, in Cumana, (east of the country), because they would control the benefit of the blows with that card. (…) However, I would not get it out of the closet in other circumstances What is the need to have a card when you first bought what you needed and the amount that you without it, "said Daniela Sifontes, a 19-year-old student in law.
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She, like many more Venezuelans, has benefited from having the card. He has received economic bonuses on a number of special dates. He also received food bags every month, although he admits he does not come with all the basic foods.
"The first bonus I received was in December last year, it was 500,000 bs. It was an advantage that the president called" Christmas Bonus. "The other was in January, 500,000 bs was called & # 39; Bonito de Reyes & # 39; The other was & # 39; The Holy Week Bonus & # 39; of 700,000 bs.When I got the & # 39; Bono de la Independencia & # 39; of 1,000,000. I got the "Bono Victoria de Carabobo" of 4,000,000., and finally, the "Bono niño Simón" which was 9,000,000, "Sifontes said.
Then he was asked what the bonuses were, he said: "Not at all: the last time I bought a sandwich in 5,000,000 bolivars and half a box of eggs in 4,000,000 bolivars. In those two things was the & # 39; child boy Simon & # 39; "he said.
Both the bonds and the Clap (local supply and production commission) exchanges that were created as "a solution" to the shortage of food and the "economic war", are a cloth of hot water before the economic crisis that, according to the International Monetary Fund (IMF), it is expected that hyperinflation in Venezuela will reach 1,000,000% a by the end of 2018.
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In light of this, President Maduro's solution is to re-run a registration day throughout the country, ending last Friday, to control the sale of gasoline at low prices. According to oil specialist Luis Oliveros, Venezuela has lost 10 billion dollars annually since 2012 in subsidies for this hydrocarbon.
José Toro Hardy Venezuelan economist and former director of the outreach center of Economic Knowledge (Cedice), is of the opinion that this situation is a "political apartheid" which would even violate international treaties on the human rights area.
"President Maduro has offered that those who have a national identity card will be able to buy petrol with subsidy, which is an aberration." According to our laws, citizens identify themselves with their identity card or passport. The map is an instrument linked to a political or ideological preference. Granting a subsidy for political reasons is a discrimination that is expressly prohibited by Article 21 of the Constitution that prohibits discrimination based on gender, race or ideology, "Hardy said.
"Anyone who does not have a national identity card, we're going to take it out (…) This will be a policy to check the service, because petrol goes to the Caribbean, to Colombia. Because say That gas is given away in Venezuela is small, and we are paying to throw it away, "Maduro said in a speech.
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Hardy, also a professor at the university, thinks it is necessary to reduce the price of petrol in the South American country, but not through a mechanism of subsidies for some yes and for others no. Well, according to Nicolás Maduro, who has no national identity card, he will have to pay the new price that will be international for the first time after more than 10 years.
"It could be understood that there are subsidies linked to, for example, public transport to reduce costs or a subsidy for tractors that are linked to the production of food or an advantage for the elderly. acceptable, are subsidies for members of a political party. (…) The regime tries to favor some, grant them benefits that are ultimately paid with the taxes of the other citizens or with oil revenues all equal and not specific to the members of the government party (PSUV) ", said the economist.
Venezuela is the country with the cheapest gas price in the world. The current costs are 6 bolivares per liter, corresponding to $ 0.01 and $ 25 Colombian dollars. This subsidy on the petrol price starts after former President Hugo Chávez nationalized the Orinoco oil magnet with the idea of ending the privatization of the oil industry, which started in the decade of the 90s.
Normal petrol prices in Latin American countries go between $ 1.84 (Uruguay) and $ 0.85 per liter (Panama) but this price is unfeasible for most Venezuelans .
So far is unknown what the prices of gasoline are for those who have a license and for those who have to pay these at international prices.
Next Monday the monetary reconversion comes into effect, removing five zeros from the coin. For "better adaptation to the new monetary cone" Maduro ordered this day as non-working.
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"This system of dual currency, petro and Bolívar Soberano (as the new monetary reconversion is called) is very similar to Cuban model with the peso and the convertible peso (…) This government is very irresponsible: they played for 20 years playing demagoguery with petrol that says that this was the city, now they put it in one blow for an international price $ 1.10 per liter, unaffordable by the Venezuelans who today have been ruined by socialism, "said José Guerra, MP, on his Twitter account.
Meganalysis, opinion poll of the neighboring country, is of the opinion that 73.4% of Venezuelans disagreed with obtaining their identity card. According to government figures, however, more than 16 million people have been registered in this system since 2017, out of a population of 31 million people, according to the World Bank.
"I am an opponent, but I am not even a class average, I do not want my card, but if I do not have one, I can not do anything. (…) I can not do it afford to pay gasoline for an international price "Andrés Martínez secured the Efecto Cocuyo news portal.
Hardy, says the measure of the map of the country to control smuggling, as Maduro announced, will not work because it will borrow more corruption.
"The sympathizers of the regime would eventually buy petrol at subsidized prices and sell it on the black market or smuggling it in. It's no different than what happened to the central control. People who tire had bought with the regime dollars at preferential prices and then sold them at a much higher price on the black market, thus making huge fortunes illegal and I fear that the same could be repeated in the case of petrol, "said the economist .
In view of this, there are several criticisms about how this system of carnetization will work in the petrol pumps. gasoline. "An operation as complex as setting up all pumps that connect the QR code reader with all pumps in the country. They are going to install it in a few pumps, a big tail will be set up and in the rest of the will pump the Venezuelans We pay the fuel at international prices "he told Unión Radi or Venezuela, Héctor Navarro, former member of the ruling party and former Minister of Education .
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"Look who does not go to the census does not have a subsidy for petrol, that's simple. I have dollars to pay my petrol, I have petrol, I have enough money to pay for gas, I do not care, do not go. Do not leave His right is respected (…) Scream not when a friend throws petrol with his / her map, subsidized petrol, "said Diosdado Cabello in his program" Con el Mazo Dando. "
For his part, Luis Vicente León director of the company Datanalisis , said he does not believe that the government's goal is to increase his political control, but rather the revenue.
"The government wants to pressure the middle class to register on the identity card home for subsidies. (…) Most Venezuelans pay their petrol at international prices Whatever that means "he added.
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